Internal-combustion engine.



F. E DAYE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGI B AIPLIGATION FILED MAY28,1Q09.

Patsimed June 21, 1910.

FREDERICK E. DAYES 0F BROOKLYN. NEW YORK.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTIGN ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 23., ill-l0.

Application filed May 28. 1399. Serial No. 4.921983.

To all LU/710777. it" may concern:

Be it known that I. FREDERICK E. DAYES, a citizen of the lnited States, residing at lh-ooklyn. in the county of Kings and State of New York. have invented new and useful In'iprm'ements in Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a speciiication.

that the spark in each cylinderwill always occur at the proper moment when each piston is in the position whereby the maximum etticiency of the engine will be obtained.

Heretofore devices of this character have been constructed in which a piston adapted to impart movement to a member to be adjusted, is subjected to the pressure of a body of fluid supplied from a pump, which is in turn actuated by the engine to be controlled. Such devices, however, are unsatisfactory when applied to the ignition device of an internal combustion engine because the adjusting movement commences with the' initial operation of the engine and bears a constant relation to the speed of the engine.

The object of the present invention is to provide a fluid pressure means in which the pressure out only varies as the speed of the engine changes but the efiect of the fluid pressure is first neutralized until the initial speed of the engine develops, then commences to act,-but progressively decreases as the speed of the engine increases so that the movement of the timer is nil at first, then relatively large during the first part of the ac celeration of the. engine but is relatively slight during the latter part oi the acceleration, vthus obtaining automatically the same conditions that are established by direct -manual control of a timer when properly manipulated. In carrying out the invention, means are combined with the timer whereby pressure of the fluid in the pressure chamber is initially relieved to a degree that. will prevent any eifect uponthe ad usting device while the engine is working up to a predetermined speed, and means "12 through which the air may pass. escape valve 13-is provided in the shouldered whereby the pressure is thereafter additionallv relieved in progressively increasing proportion, so that the movement imparted to the piston, while continuing as long as tlieieis an increase in speed, up to a desired limit. is constantly less in proportion to the increase of speed as the adjustment continues.

. \Yhile the preferred form of this invention is illustrated in the accompanying sheet of drawing, yet it is to be understood that minor detail changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of an engine showing the application of this device. Fig. 2 ail-enlarged detail view in section through the air compressor and operating mechanism; Fig. 3 is an enlarged view in section with parts broken away taken through the operating mechanism.

A rotary air compressor 1 of any desired form is secured to the'casing 2 of the-engine and is gearedto the driving shaft 3. In this instance a rotaryian 4: is inclosed in a casing and the driving shaft of the tan is geared through a pinion to the driving shaft of the engine. An inclosed cylindrical casing 5 is secured to the engine casingin proximity to the air compressor and one end of the cylindrical casing is in communication with the air compressor. Apiston 6 is mounted within the casing having a piston rod 7 extending through a sleeve 14 in the other end of the casing. The piston rod 7 is secured by a link connection 8 to the timer .or spark controlling mechanism 9. The piston 6 is mounted to slide back and forth within a portion of the casing, the remainder of the casing being somewhat smaller in diameter forms a shoulder 10 which limits the movement of the piston. A coil compression spring 11 is mounted upon the piston rod between the piston head and the sleeve 14in the end of the casing through which the piston passes. The portion of the cylindrical cas ng wlthin which the piston travels is provided with a series of apertures An portion of the cylinder which may be regulated to allow air'to escape therethrough until the compression has reached the predetermined point. The sleeve 14 through which the piston rod 7 passes isexternally screw threaded to engage the end of the eascan be operated. j

' As the number of apertures permitting the escape of air is constantly added to, during ing. The tension on the spring 11 may be i sleeve 14.. r

regulated by advancing or withdrawing the operation is as follows: Then the engine is started thefan 4 will begin to revolve causingthe air in the casing 5- to be compressed. vThe escape valve 13 in the casing 5 is adjusted to allow-the air therein to escape un'tilthe compression has reached to a-certain degree. As the speed of the driv ring shaft increases the pressure upon the confined air will increase to such a degree that the pressure will not becompletely relieved by the escape valve. This extra pressure will force the piston backward upon the coil spring 11 successively "exposing the dlscharge apertures 12 in the side of the casmguntil the-pressure Within the casing balances thepressure of thespring. This .20

movement will be imparted by the piston rod *7 to the timer or spark controlling device!)v which will advance the spark corresponding to the revolutions of the shaft. As the load upon the engine increases the revolutions of the driving shaft will-become less and therefore the compression within the casing will i be decreased, allowing the piston to advance amplitude of the directly proportional to the increase of the speed of the engine but is continually and'retard the spark through. the timer or under all conditions under which the engine the movement of the. piston in the direction of advancing the timer, it followsithat, the pistons movement is not lessso that as the highest speed is reached gets closer to the the movement of ened and the point of lgnition neutral point of the crank,

. the timer will be materially lessened.

What I claim is 1. An automatic ad ustlng timers of internal combustion engmes, comprising a fluid pressure driven member having positive connections through which it is adapted to effect the adjustment, a fluid pressure developing member actuated by and proportioi'ially to the speed of the engine to be timed,supplying pressure medium to said 11 be readily. seenthat by this con and will be' caused to oc-- sist-lng means for driven member, and means for Wholly relieving the pressure supplied to said driven member, during the initial speed and progressively enlarging such pressure relief as the adjustment develops.

ththe timer (if an 2. In 'combinatlon -W1 internal combustion engine, an adjusting means for determining the adjustment there. of, comprising a fluldpressuredriven mem-;

ber having direct connections through which 1t 18 adapted to eflect the adjustment, a fluidpressure develop ngmembersupplying .pressure medium to-(said driven member, and

means for relieving the pressure supplied to said driven member, initially relieving the pressure 'suflicient to prevent adjustment and thereafter progressivelyf enlarged by [saiddriven-member, as adjustment develops, and

gradually reducing the amplitude of j adjustment. I I

An 'adjusting. means" for. timing an internal combustion-Q engine, comprising a fluid pressure driven member. adapted to effect the adjustment, a fluid pressure developing member supplying pressure medium to said driven member, an initial pressureme'dium relief preventing; actuationof the fluid pressure driven member until after a predetermmed engine speed is developed,

progressively enlarging as the adjustment develops. 1

L. A device for adj'usting thel-timer of an an additional-means for-relieving the pressure supplied }-to said driven member,

internal? combustion engine, comprising a I pressure chamberfor fluidv pressure, a piston adapted to be moved'by fluid pressure in said chamber and a fluid pressure developing means adapted-to be actuated by the enmedium under pressure to said chamber;

said'chamber being providedfwith a congme to be c'ontrolled,]supplying the-fluid stantly open but restricted initial escape opening for the pressure-medium, means reof said initial escape opening, but yielding under pressures in excess thereof and pro-" gressively enlarglng escape passage for the pressure fluid, gradually movement of the piston. FREDERICK E. DAYES.

\Vitnesses JOHN A. OALNEK, Hanotu A. MELV1LLE.

movement of 'the piston' underpres,- .sures that are within the reliev ng capaclty uncovered by the 

